SQL injection Wikipedia. A classification of SQL injection attacking vector as of 2. SQL injection is a code injection technique, used to attack data driven applications, in which nefarious SQL statements are inserted into an entry field for execution e. SQL injection must exploit a security vulnerability in an applications software, for example, when user input is either incorrectly filtered for string literalescape characters embedded in SQL statements or user input is not strongly typed and unexpectedly executed. SQL injection is mostly known as an attack vector for websites but can be used to attack any type of SQL database. SQL injection attacks allow attackers to spoof identity, tamper with existing data, cause repudiation issues such as voiding transactions or changing balances, allow the complete disclosure of all data on the system, destroy the data or make it otherwise unavailable, and become administrators of the database server. In a 2. 01. 2 study, it was observed that the average web application received 4 attack campaigns per month, and retailers received twice as many attacks as other industries. HistoryeditThe first public discussions of SQL injection started appearing around 1. AqIlPI.jpg' alt='Kaspersky Keys Blacklist Exploit' title='Kaspersky Keys Blacklist Exploit' />Phrack Magazine. SQL injection SQLI was considered one of the top 1. Open Web Application Security Project. In 2. SQLI was rated the number one attack on the OWASP top ten. There are four main sub classes of SQL injection The Storm Worm is one representation of Compounded SQLI. This classification represents the state of SQLI, respecting its evolution until 2. Technical implementationseditIncorrectly filtered escape characterseditThis form of SQL injection occurs when user input is not filtered for escape characters and is then passed into an SQL statement. This results in the potential manipulation of the statements performed on the database by the end user of the application. The following line of code illustrates this vulnerability. SELECTFROMusers. WHEREname user. Name. This SQL code is designed to pull up the records of the specified username from its table of users. However, if the user. Name variable is crafted in a specific way by a malicious user, the SQL statement may do more than the code author intended. NRz2HgBjQ/UhiKTkmICxI/AAAAAAAAEaA/HjImpx6EC-E/s1600/img3File.png' alt='Kaspersky Keys Blacklist Exploit' title='Kaspersky Keys Blacklist Exploit' />For example, setting the user. Name variable as. SQL comments1. 3. All three lines have a space at the end. OR 11. OR 11. OR 11 renders one of the following SQL statements by the parent language SELECTROMusers. WHEREnameOR11 SELECTROMusers. WHEREnameOR11 If this code were to be used in an authentication procedure then this example could be used to force the selection of every data field from all users rather than from one specific user name as the coder intended, because the evaluation of 11 is always true. The following value of user. Name in the statement below would cause the deletion of the users table as well as the selection of all data from the userinfo table in essence revealing the information of every user, using an API that allows multiple statements. DROPTABLEusers SELECTROMuserinfo. WHEREtt. This input renders the final SQL statement as follows and specified SELECTROMusers. WHEREnamea DROPTABLEusers SELECTROMuserinfo. WHEREtt While most SQL server implementations allow multiple statements to be executed with one call in this way, some SQL APIs such as PHPs mysqlquery function do not allow this for security reasons. This prevents attackers from injecting entirely separate queries, but doesnt stop them from modifying queries. Box_KAV-2013_mini_Rus_Web_render-copy.jpg' alt='Kaspersky Keys Blacklist Exploit' title='Kaspersky Keys Blacklist Exploit' />Incorrect type handlingeditThis form of SQL injection occurs when a user supplied field is not strongly typed or is not checked for type constraints. This could take place when a numeric field is to be used in a SQL statement, but the programmer makes no checks to validate that the user supplied input is numeric. For example. statement SELECTROMuserinfo. WHEREid avariable. It is clear from this statement that the author intended avariable to be a number correlating to the id field. Kaspersky Keys Blacklist Exploit' title='Kaspersky Keys Blacklist Exploit' />InformationWeek. News, analysis and research for business technology professionals, plus peertopeer knowledge sharing. Engage with our community. Russias growing aggression toward the United States has deepened concerns among U. S. officials that Russian spies might try to exploit one of the world. Latest trending topics being covered on ZDNet including Reviews, Tech Industry, Security, Hardware, Apple, and Windows. No more missed important software updates UpdateStar 11 lets you stay up to date and secure with the software on your computer. However, if it is in fact a string then the end user may manipulate the statement as they choose, thereby bypassing the need for escape characters. For example, setting avariable to. DROP TABLE users. Learn What is spying Read more indepth articles about spying, the hacker news, hacker news, cyber security news, the fappening, deep web, dark web, search engine. GT2SANmCgSQ/TKMpsIuEnqI/AAAAAAAAACs/3k-VmxYPSIw/s1600/crak1.jpg' alt='Kaspersky Keys Blacklist Exploit' title='Kaspersky Keys Blacklist Exploit' />SQL becomes SELECTROMuserinfo. WHEREid1 DROPTABLEusers Blind SQL injectioneditBlind SQL Injection is used when a web application is vulnerable to an SQL injection but the results of the injection are not visible to the attacker. The page with the vulnerability may not be one that displays data but will display differently depending on the results of a logical statement injected into the legitimate SQL statement called for that page. This type of attack has traditionally been considered time intensive because a new statement needed to be crafted for each bit recovered, and depending on its structure, the attack may consist of many unsuccessful requests. Recent advancements have allowed each request to recover multiple bits, with no unsuccessful requests, allowing for more consistent and efficient extraction. There are several tools that can automate these attacks once the location of the vulnerability and the target information has been established. Conditional responseseditOne type of blind SQL injection forces the database to evaluate a logical statement on an ordinary application screen. As an example, a book review website uses a query string to determine which book review to display. So the URLhttp books. Review. php ID5 would cause the server to run the query. SELECTROMbookreviews. WHEREIDValueID from which it would populate the review page with data from the review with ID 5, stored in the table bookreviews. The query happens completely on the server the user does not know the names of the database, table, or fields, nor does the user know the query string. The user only sees that the above URL returns a book review. A hacker can load the URLs http books. Review. php ID5. OR11 and http books. Review. php ID5. AND12, which may result in queries. SELECTROMbookreviews. WHEREID5OR11 SELECTROMbookreviews. WHEREID5AND12 respectively. If the original review loads with the 11 URL and a blank or error page is returned from the 12 URL, and the returned page has not been created to alert the user the input is invalid, or in other words, has been caught by an input test script, the site is likely vulnerable to a SQL injection attack as the query will likely have passed through successfully in both cases. The hacker may proceed with this query string designed to reveal the version number of My. SQL running on the server http books. Review. php ID5. ANDsubstringversion,1,INSTRversion,. My. SQL 4 and a blank or error page otherwise. The hacker can continue to use code within query strings to glean more information from the server until another avenue of attack is discovered or his or her goals are achieved. Second order SQL injectioneditSecond order SQL injection occurs when submitted values contain malicious commands that are stored rather than executed immediately. In some cases, the application may correctly encode an SQL statement and store it as valid SQL. Then, another part of that application without controls to protect against SQL injection might execute that stored SQL statement. Norton Internet Security Wikipedia. Norton Internet Security, developed by Symantec Corporation, is a computer program that provides malware prevention and removal during a subscription period and uses signatures and heuristics to identify viruses. Other features included in the product are a personal firewall, email spam filtering, and phishing protection. With the release of the 2. Symantec officially retired Norton Internet Security after fourteen years as the chief Norton product. It is superseded by Norton Security, a rechristened adaptation of the Norton 3. Symantec distributed the product as a download, a boxed Compact Disc CD copy, and as OEM software. U.S Army Field Manual. Some retailers also distributed it on a USB flash drive. Norton Internet Security held a 6. Aria Pro 11 Serial Numbers. United States retail security suite category in the first half of 2. In this study, competitors, in terms of market share, included security suites from CA, Inc., Trend Micro, and Kaspersky Lab. Windows editioneditIn August 1. Symantec acquired Peter Norton Computing from Peter Norton 4 Norton and his company developed various applications for DOS, including an antivirus. Symantec continued the development of the acquired technologies, now marketed under the name of Norton, with the tagline from Symantec. Nortons crossed arm pose, a registered U. S. trademark, was featured on Norton product packaging. However, his pose was later moved to the spine of the packaging, and later dropped altogether. Users of the 2. 00. Norton software without buying a new subscription. The upgraded product retains the same number of days left on a users subscription. Releases are named by year but have internal version numbers as well. The internal version number was advanced to 1. Norton Anti. Virus release of the same year. As of the 2. Version 2. Norton Internet Security 2. January 1. 0, 2. 00. Symantecs first foray beyond virus protection and content control filters. Its release followed an alliance between Internet provider. ExciteHome and antivirus vendor Mc. Afee. com to provide Internet subscribers with Mc. Afees new firewall software, Mc. Afee Personal Firewall. Version 2. 00. 0s firewall, based on At. Guard from WRQ, filters traffic at the packet level. It can block Active. X controls and Java applets. Other functionalities include cookie removal, and banner ad blocking. ZDNet found the ad blocker removed graphics that were not ads, breaking pages. Adjusting the settings fixed the problem, however the process was complicated. ZDNet noted the lack of information presented concerning attacks the firewall blocked. Norton Live. Update downloads and installs program updates. The Family Edition adds parental controls. Parental controls are backed by a quality control team of 1. Found content is categorized in subject matter and placed on a blacklist of about 3. A designed administrator can add blocked sites, however the pre supplied blacklist cannot be viewed or edited since it is hard coded. Administrators can block certain subject matters. Another option is to block all sites, then create a whitelist of allowed sites. Family Edition can also block transmission of specified personal information. Such information is replaced with the letter X. However, CNN noted X rated sites are retrieved when personal information is queried by a search engine. Version 2. 0 was released June 1. Version 2. 00. 1 2. Version 2. 00. 1 2. September 1. 8, 2. Windows ME in addition to the Windows 9x series, Windows NT, and Windows 2. Following attacks by the ILOVEYOU and Anna Kournikovascript viruses, this version can block malicious scripts without virus signatures, but by analyzing behavior. The firewall scans for Internet enabled applications and creates access rules based on a knowledge base maintained by Symantec during installation. In PC Magazine testing, the installation took 2. MHz Pentium III with 9. Internet enabled applications. Using the firewall, users can determine whether to accept cookies, Java applets, and Active. X controls on a global or per site basis. A new feature, Intrusion Detection with Auto. Block, can detect port scans and block further intrusion attempts. The program provides notifications for intrusion attempts, stating the severity level and providing access to threat details. Alternatively, the firewall can put the computer in stealth, essentially hiding the system. Users can configure the security level, affecting the number of notifications. Testing conducted by PC Magazine using Shields Up and Symantecs Security Check found that the firewall successfully stealthed all ports, hiding the computer from view. A leak test was conducted to see the firewalls ability to detect outbound connections. Each attempt was detected and the suite offered to block the attempts. The Family Edition, like the prior version, includes parental controls and the information filtering feature. Parental controls come with a list of objectionable sites, separated into 3. The list is updated every two weeks by Norton Live. Update. Using the list alone, Norton only blocks sites present on the list. Consequently, Norton may not block sites until the next update. Parents can customize the list, adding or removing sites. A list of allowed sites can be created to restrict children to those specific sites. This version uses application blocking rather than protocol or port filtering to control Internet access. Children can be restricted in what applications they used to access the Internet. A parental controls profile can be set up for each child, and settings can be automatically configured based on their age group, whether they be a child, teenager, adult, or administrator. Internet usage and violations are noted in a report presented to parents. PC Magazine found that enabling parental controls added a minute to a computers boot time. Version 3. 0 was released March 1. Version 2. 00. 2 4. Version 2. 00. 2 was announced August 2. The Family Edition was dropped, so parental controls and information filtering are bundled with this release. The installation was noted as quick and simple by both PC Magazine and CNET. An installation requires a reboot, and afterwards the Security Assistant guides users through a questionnaire to best configure the settings. A problem CNET encountered when upgrading from the prior release was the loss of customized settings. PC Magazine found the default settings, aimed at avoiding frequent notifications, were somewhat permissive. Windows 9. 5 support was also dropped. Running a full scan complies a list of Internet enabled applications. Users set permissions or accept Nortons default settings. The firewall detects and blocks port scans and logs intrusion attempts. This version does not run a trace on attackers, however Symantec is planning an online tool to do so. To ensure rogue programs can not masquerade as trustworthy applications, Norton verifies programs against a list of digital signatures for known programs, update Tracker warns users if hackers attempt to gain access to users computers. The firewall blocked all access attempts from Shields Up and Port Checker. This version includes a wizard to simplify firewall setup to accommodate for multiple computers sharing an Internet connection. With this release, Norton can prevent specified personal information from being transmitted via a compatible instant messenger client, e mail, and websites.